1. Soil pH primarily controls _______

 Soil texture

 Soil compaction

 Soil color

 Nutrient availability and microbial activity

2. Gypsum improves soil structure mainly through _______

 Clay dispersion

 Reducing porosity

 Increasing acidity

 Flocculation of clay particles

3. Which natural process contributes to soil acidification through organic acid release?

 Evaporation

 Decomposition of organic matter

 Weathering

 Sedimentation

4. ____________________ is a major cause of soil acidification (decrease in pH)

 Application of gypsum

 Presence of carbonates

 Leaching of basic cations

 Low rainfall

5. Soil salinity is primarily assessed by measuring _______

 Cation exchange capacity (CEC)

 Soil pH

 Soil bulk density

 Electrical conductivity (EC)

6. At the field scale, the primary driver of soil pH variation is _______

 Wind erosion

 Soil color

 Biogeochemical processes

 Soil depth

7. In soil chemistry, exchangeable acidity is mainly associated with __________

 Soil solution

 Soil colloids

 Soil air

 Sand fraction

8. Soils formed in humid regions with high rainfall are generally _______

 Neutral

 Alkaline

 Saline

 Acidic

9. ______________  best explains a soil’s resistance to pH change when an acid or base is added

 Soil temperature

 Soil texture

 Buffering capacity

 Soil aeration

10. At neutral pH (25 °C), the concentration of hydrogen ions [H⁺] in a soil solution is _______

 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹

 10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹

 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹

 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹

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Soil Chemical Properties MCQs

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