1. Nutrient recycling reduces _______

 Waste accumulation

 Soil fertility

 Water retention

 Crop yield

2. Which fertilizer type most strongly accelerates soil acidification upon repeated application?

 Nitrate-based fertilizers

 Phosphate-based fertilizers

 Ammonium-based fertilizers

 Potassium-based fertilizers

3. Which condition promotes the displacement of base cations from exchange sites?

 High base saturation

 Low rainfall

 High rainfall and leaching

 Dry conditions

4. The natural formation of carbonic acid in soil is due to _______

 Oxygen dissolution

 Sulfur oxidation

 CO₂ reacting with water

 Nitrogen fixation

5. Gypsum application helps reduce aluminum toxicity by _______

 Increasing H⁺ concentration

 Increasing soil pH rapidly

 Leaching Al³⁺ from exchange sites

 Binding phosphorus strongly

6. In sodic soils, gypsum application mainly improves soil conditions by _______

 Dissolving organic matter

 Replacing Na⁺ ions

 Increasing soil acidity

 Neutralizing soil pH directly

7. In soil chemistry, gypsum acts as a _______ amendment

 Acidifying

 Buffering agent

 Neutral salt

 Alkalizing

8. Soil fertility refers to the soil’s capacity to _______

 Determine soil color characteristics

 Control soil textural class

 Retain only water for plant use

 Supply essential nutrients to plants in available forms

9. In soil, microplastics can act as _______

 Plant growth promoters

 Agent to induce gas exchange

 Pollutant carriers

 Nutrients

10. Integrated nutrient management combines _______

 Only organic inputs

 Organic and inorganic inputs

 No inputs

 Only chemical inputs

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Soil Chemical Properties MCQs

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