Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 30 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. Which structure organizes cellular components within the cytoplasm? Lysosome Nucleus Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus 2. ATP yield from complete oxidation of one glucose molecule in eukaryotic cells is best approximated as _______ 30–32 ATP 95-100 ATP 2-3 ATP 4-10 ATP 3. Which organelle is directly involved in xenobiotic detoxification? Ribosome Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Golgi apparatus 4. During anaerobic conditions (when oxygen is unavailable), animal cells sustain ATP production primarily by ___________ The citric acid (Krebs) cycle Glycolysis coupled with fermentation β-oxidation of fatty acids Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain 5. Which of the following is a major function of the cytosol? Site of many metabolic reactions Membrane synthesis Cell wall formation DNA packaging 6. Which of the following best describes prokaryotic DNA organization? Stored in mitochondria Attached to spindle fibers Located freely in cytoplasm Enclosed in nuclear envelope 7. A major detoxification role of peroxisomes involves _______. DNA replication Neutralization of ROS RNA transcription Protein folding 8. ___________ is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotes Ribosomes Plasma membrane Nucleoid Capsule 9. Which type of fatty acids are preferentially oxidized in peroxisomes? Unsaturated fatty acids Medium-chain fatty acids Very long-chain fatty acids Short-chain fatty acids 10. The plasma membrane separates _______ Nucleus from cytoplasm Cell interior from external environment DNA from proteins Organelles from cytosol Loading … Question 1 of 10
