Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 30 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. ___________ is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotes Capsule Nucleoid Ribosomes Plasma membrane 2. During anaerobic conditions (when oxygen is unavailable), animal cells sustain ATP production primarily by ___________ The citric acid (Krebs) cycle Glycolysis coupled with fermentation β-oxidation of fatty acids Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain 3. Which type of fatty acids are preferentially oxidized in peroxisomes? Very long-chain fatty acids Unsaturated fatty acids Short-chain fatty acids Medium-chain fatty acids 4. Which of the following is a major function of the cytosol? Site of many metabolic reactions Membrane synthesis DNA packaging Cell wall formation 5. Which of the following best describes prokaryotic DNA organization? Enclosed in nuclear envelope Located freely in cytoplasm Attached to spindle fibers Stored in mitochondria 6. ATP yield from complete oxidation of one glucose molecule in eukaryotic cells is best approximated as _______ 4-10 ATP 95-100 ATP 2-3 ATP 30–32 ATP 7. A major detoxification role of peroxisomes involves _______. RNA transcription DNA replication Neutralization of ROS Protein folding 8. The plasma membrane separates _______ Organelles from cytosol Nucleus from cytoplasm Cell interior from external environment DNA from proteins 9. Which structure organizes cellular components within the cytoplasm? Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus Lysosome Nucleus 10. Which organelle is directly involved in xenobiotic detoxification? Golgi apparatus Ribosome Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Loading … Question 1 of 10
