Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 29 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. The cytoplasm of prokaryotes includes _______. Enzymes Cytosol and suspended molecules DNA Ribosomes 2. Transcription is the biological process of _______ from a DNA template ATP production RNA synthesis DNA duplication Protein synthesis 3. Catalase is a highly efficient antioxidant enzyme found in nearly all aerobic organisms, it detoxifies hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by converting it into _______ Oxygen and carbon monoxide Water and oxygen Water and Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide and water 4. The cytosol primarily consists of _______ Lipids only Proteins only DNA and RNA only Water, ions, and macromolecules 5. The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration, essential for ATP production, is _______ Glucose Carbon dioxide NAD⁺ Oxygen 6. Which statement best describes the role of NADH in cellular ATP production? NADH directly phosphorylates ADP to make ATP NADH donates electrons to Complex I of the electron transport chain NADH inhibits ATP synthase to regulate its activity NADH stores the high-energy phosphate bonds of ATP 7. The cytoplasm in prokaryotes primarily consists of _______. Organelles Nuclear matrix Cytosol with suspended components Membrane stacks 8. In the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane, the hydrophilic (polar) heads are oriented ___________ Toward the aqueous environments on both the extracellular and cytoplasmic sides Randomly, with no consistent orientation Toward the hydrophobic fatty-acid tails in the membrane interior Away from any aqueous environment, facing only each other 9. The DNA of most prokaryotes is typically _______ Linear and multiple Fragmented Linear and single Circular and single 10. Which organelle is generally absent in prokaryotic cells _______ Cytoplasm Cell membrane Ribosome Nucleus Loading … Question 1 of 10
