Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 29 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. In the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane, the hydrophilic (polar) heads are oriented ___________ Toward the aqueous environments on both the extracellular and cytoplasmic sides Randomly, with no consistent orientation Toward the hydrophobic fatty-acid tails in the membrane interior Away from any aqueous environment, facing only each other 2. Which organelle is generally absent in prokaryotic cells _______ Ribosome Cytoplasm Cell membrane Nucleus 3. The DNA of most prokaryotes is typically _______ Circular and single Fragmented Linear and multiple Linear and single 4. The cytoplasm of prokaryotes includes _______. Ribosomes Enzymes DNA Cytosol and suspended molecules 5. The cytosol primarily consists of _______ Lipids only DNA and RNA only Water, ions, and macromolecules Proteins only 6. Catalase is a highly efficient antioxidant enzyme found in nearly all aerobic organisms, it detoxifies hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by converting it into _______ Carbon dioxide and water Water and oxygen Water and Carbon dioxide Oxygen and carbon monoxide 7. Which statement best describes the role of NADH in cellular ATP production? NADH directly phosphorylates ADP to make ATP NADH stores the high-energy phosphate bonds of ATP NADH donates electrons to Complex I of the electron transport chain NADH inhibits ATP synthase to regulate its activity 8. The cytoplasm in prokaryotes primarily consists of _______. Cytosol with suspended components Membrane stacks Nuclear matrix Organelles 9. Transcription is the biological process of _______ from a DNA template DNA duplication RNA synthesis Protein synthesis ATP production 10. The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration, essential for ATP production, is _______ Glucose Carbon dioxide Oxygen NAD⁺ Loading … Question 1 of 10
