Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 30 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. Which structure organizes cellular components within the cytoplasm? Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus Lysosome Nucleus 2. ___________ is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotes Nucleoid Capsule Plasma membrane Ribosomes 3. Which of the following is a major function of the cytosol? DNA packaging Cell wall formation Membrane synthesis Site of many metabolic reactions 4. ATP yield from complete oxidation of one glucose molecule in eukaryotic cells is best approximated as _______ 4-10 ATP 30–32 ATP 2-3 ATP 95-100 ATP 5. A major detoxification role of peroxisomes involves _______. Protein folding RNA transcription Neutralization of ROS DNA replication 6. The plasma membrane separates _______ Organelles from cytosol DNA from proteins Nucleus from cytoplasm Cell interior from external environment 7. Which type of fatty acids are preferentially oxidized in peroxisomes? Medium-chain fatty acids Short-chain fatty acids Unsaturated fatty acids Very long-chain fatty acids 8. During anaerobic conditions (when oxygen is unavailable), animal cells sustain ATP production primarily by ___________ Glycolysis coupled with fermentation The citric acid (Krebs) cycle Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain β-oxidation of fatty acids 9. Which of the following best describes prokaryotic DNA organization? Attached to spindle fibers Stored in mitochondria Located freely in cytoplasm Enclosed in nuclear envelope 10. Which organelle is directly involved in xenobiotic detoxification? Ribosome Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Golgi apparatus Loading … Question 1 of 10
