Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 30 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. A major detoxification role of peroxisomes involves _______. Neutralization of ROS DNA replication Protein folding RNA transcription 2. ___________ is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotes Plasma membrane Ribosomes Nucleoid Capsule 3. Which of the following best describes prokaryotic DNA organization? Located freely in cytoplasm Stored in mitochondria Enclosed in nuclear envelope Attached to spindle fibers 4. During anaerobic conditions (when oxygen is unavailable), animal cells sustain ATP production primarily by ___________ Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain β-oxidation of fatty acids Glycolysis coupled with fermentation The citric acid (Krebs) cycle 5. Which structure organizes cellular components within the cytoplasm? Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus Lysosome Nucleus 6. Which type of fatty acids are preferentially oxidized in peroxisomes? Very long-chain fatty acids Unsaturated fatty acids Medium-chain fatty acids Short-chain fatty acids 7. Which of the following is a major function of the cytosol? Membrane synthesis DNA packaging Cell wall formation Site of many metabolic reactions 8. ATP yield from complete oxidation of one glucose molecule in eukaryotic cells is best approximated as _______ 95-100 ATP 4-10 ATP 30–32 ATP 2-3 ATP 9. Which organelle is directly involved in xenobiotic detoxification? Ribosome Golgi apparatus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus 10. The plasma membrane separates _______ Nucleus from cytoplasm Cell interior from external environment DNA from proteins Organelles from cytosol Loading … Question 1 of 10
