Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 30 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. Which structure organizes cellular components within the cytoplasm? Lysosome Cytoskeleton Golgi apparatus Nucleus 2. Which type of fatty acids are preferentially oxidized in peroxisomes? Very long-chain fatty acids Short-chain fatty acids Unsaturated fatty acids Medium-chain fatty acids 3. A major detoxification role of peroxisomes involves _______. RNA transcription DNA replication Neutralization of ROS Protein folding 4. During anaerobic conditions (when oxygen is unavailable), animal cells sustain ATP production primarily by ___________ Glycolysis coupled with fermentation Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain The citric acid (Krebs) cycle β-oxidation of fatty acids 5. ATP yield from complete oxidation of one glucose molecule in eukaryotic cells is best approximated as _______ 95-100 ATP 2-3 ATP 4-10 ATP 30–32 ATP 6. The plasma membrane separates _______ Cell interior from external environment Organelles from cytosol DNA from proteins Nucleus from cytoplasm 7. Which organelle is directly involved in xenobiotic detoxification? Nucleus Golgi apparatus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Ribosome 8. Which of the following best describes prokaryotic DNA organization? Located freely in cytoplasm Enclosed in nuclear envelope Attached to spindle fibers Stored in mitochondria 9. ___________ is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotes Ribosomes Capsule Plasma membrane Nucleoid 10. Which of the following is a major function of the cytosol? DNA packaging Site of many metabolic reactions Membrane synthesis Cell wall formation Loading … Question 1 of 10
