Cell Structure and Organelles MCQs Quiz 30 Posted on April 6, 2026Author agropublishers 0 1. A major detoxification role of peroxisomes involves _______. DNA replication RNA transcription Protein folding Neutralization of ROS 2. Which structure organizes cellular components within the cytoplasm? Lysosome Nucleus Golgi apparatus Cytoskeleton 3. Which organelle is directly involved in xenobiotic detoxification? Ribosome Nucleus Golgi apparatus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum 4. The plasma membrane separates _______ DNA from proteins Nucleus from cytoplasm Cell interior from external environment Organelles from cytosol 5. During anaerobic conditions (when oxygen is unavailable), animal cells sustain ATP production primarily by ___________ Glycolysis coupled with fermentation Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain β-oxidation of fatty acids The citric acid (Krebs) cycle 6. Which of the following best describes prokaryotic DNA organization? Located freely in cytoplasm Attached to spindle fibers Stored in mitochondria Enclosed in nuclear envelope 7. Which type of fatty acids are preferentially oxidized in peroxisomes? Short-chain fatty acids Unsaturated fatty acids Medium-chain fatty acids Very long-chain fatty acids 8. Which of the following is a major function of the cytosol? DNA packaging Membrane synthesis Cell wall formation Site of many metabolic reactions 9. ATP yield from complete oxidation of one glucose molecule in eukaryotic cells is best approximated as _______ 4-10 ATP 30–32 ATP 95-100 ATP 2-3 ATP 10. ___________ is responsible for protein synthesis in prokaryotes Nucleoid Ribosomes Plasma membrane Capsule Loading … Question 1 of 10
